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''Gnetum gnemon'' is a species of ''Gnetum'' native to southeast Asia and the western Pacific Ocean islands, from Mizoram and Assam in India, south and east through Indonesia and Malaysia to the Philippines and Fiji. They are sometimes called ''padi oats'' or ''paddy oats''. It is a small to medium-size tree (unlike most other ''Gnetum'' species, which are lianas), growing to 15–20 m tall. The leaves are evergreen, opposite, 8–20 cm long and 3–10 cm broad, entire, emerging bronze-coloured, maturing glossy dark green. The fruit-like strobilus consist of little but skin and a large nut-like seed 2–4 cm long inside. Fleshy strobili weigh about 5.5 g, the seed alone 3.8 g. Strobili mature mainly from June to September in NE Philippines. The red strobili are eaten by birds, mammals and reptiles. ==Uses== Melinjo is native to Indonesia and widely used in Indonesian cuisine. The seeds are used for ''sayur asem'' (sour vegetables soup) and also, made into emping/ raw chips that later need to be deep-fried as crackers (''emping'', a type of ''krupuk''). The crackers have a slightly bitter taste and are frequently served as a snack or accompaniment to Indonesian dishes. The leaves are also commonly used for vegetables dishes in Indonesia. This plant is commonly cultivated throughout the Aceh region and is regarded as a vegetable of high status. Its flower, young leaves and fruit are used as ingredients in traditional vegetable curry called ''kuah pliek''. This dish is served on all important traditional occasions, such as ''khanduri'' and ''keureudja''. In the Pidie district, the women pick the ripe fruit (its skin color is red) and make ''keureupuk muling'' from it. Recently, Japanese scientists found that ''Gnetum gnemon'' is not the cause of gout (uric acid disease).〔Mori, M., ''et al''. (2008). Relationship between Lifestyle-related Diseases with The Intake of Indonesian Traditional Fruit Melinjo Rich in Phytoestrogens. Niigata, Japan. The 4th International Niigata Symposium on Diet and Health Integrative Function of Diet in Anti-aging and Cancer Prevention.〕 At the present, ''Melinjo Extract'' is produced and supervised under cooperation between Indonesian Agricultural Association (NOFA (id:KTNA) ; Ikamaja's Mother Organization) and JASMELINDO (Japanese Non-Profit Organization), to protect certain profit for Indonesian farmers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gnetum gnemon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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